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高中非限制性定语从句详解ppt课件

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高中非限制性定语从句详解ppt课件,时间不够了,求直接说重点!

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2025-07-10 15:24:16

高中非限制性定语从句详解ppt课件】一、什么是非限制性定语从句?

在英语中,定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的句子结构。根据其功能不同,定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

- 限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定作用,如果去掉,句子意思会不完整或改变。

- 非限制性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,即使去掉也不会影响主句的基本意义,通常用逗号与主句隔开。

二、非限制性定语从句的结构

非限制性定语从句通常由以下关系代词或关系副词引导:

| 关系代词 | 用法 | 示例 |

|----------|------|------|

| who| 指人,作主语或宾语 | My teacher, who is very kind, always helps us. |

| whom | 指人,作宾语 | The student, whom I met yesterday, is from Beijing. |

| which| 指物,作主语或宾语 | The book, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting. |

| whose| 表示所属关系 | The girl, whose mother is a doctor, studies very hard. |

| when | 指时间,作时间状语 | Last summer, when we went to the beach, was unforgettable. |

| where| 指地点,作地点状语 | The park, where we had our picnic, is beautiful. |

三、非限制性定语从句的特点

1. 用逗号隔开

非限制性定语从句前后通常有逗号,表示与主句的分隔。

- ✅ 正确:My brother, who lives in Shanghai, is coming to visit me.

- ❌ 错误:My brother who lives in Shanghai is coming to visit me.

2. 不能用that引导

在非限制性定语从句中,不能使用that,只能使用who, whom, which等。

- ✅ 正确:The car, which is red, is mine.

- ❌ 错误:The car, that is red, is mine.

3. 不能省略关系代词

在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词不能省略,否则句子结构不完整。

- ✅ 正确:My friend, who is a teacher, gave me some advice.

- ❌ 错误:My friend, is a teacher, gave me some advice.

4. 强调补充信息

非限制性定语从句提供的是额外的信息,而不是核心内容。

- 例如:My father, a doctor, works at the hospital.(说明父亲的职业)

四、常见错误与注意事项

| 常见错误 | 正确表达 | 解释 |

|----------|----------|------|

| 用that引导非限制性从句 | 用who/whom/which | 非限制性从句不能用that |

| 省略关系代词 | 不可省略 | 非限制性从句的关系代词必须保留 |

| 没有逗号 | 必须加逗号 | 用于区分主句与从句 |

| 混淆限制性与非限制性 | 根据上下文判断 | 限制性从句是必要的信息,非限制性是补充信息 |

五、例句分析

1. My parents, who are both teachers, live in Hangzhou.

- 主句:My parents live in Hangzhou.

- 从句:who are both teachers(补充说明父母的职业)

2. The movie, which was directed by a famous director, won an award.

- 主句:The movie won an award.

- 从句:which was directed by a famous director(补充说明电影的导演)

3. She has a brother, whose job is in finance.

- 主句:She has a brother.

- 从句:whose job is in finance(补充说明兄弟的工作)

六、练习题(巩固知识点)

1. Choose the correct sentence:

A. The man, who is tall, is my uncle.

B. The man who is tall is my uncle.

答案:A

2. Fill in the blank with the correct relative pronoun:

The book ______ I borrowed from the library is very useful.

答案:which

3. Identify the non-restrictive relative clause:

My sister, who is a nurse, works in a hospital.

答案:who is a nurse

七、总结

- 非限制性定语从句是对主句内容的补充说明,不是核心信息;

- 通常由who, whom, which, whose, when, where引导;

- 必须用逗号隔开,不可用that;

- 关系代词不能省略;

- 掌握这些规则有助于更准确地理解和运用英语语法。

课后小任务:

请尝试写出三个包含非限制性定语从句的句子,并标注出关系代词和从句的作用。

PPT设计建议:

- 使用清晰的图表展示限制性与非限制性的区别;

- 添加例句对比,帮助学生理解;

- 设计互动环节,如选择题或填空练习;

- 用颜色区分主句和从句,增强视觉效果。

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